Cut Nyak Dhien was a
leader of the Acehnese guerrilla forces during the Aceh War.she was born
in lampadang in 1848. Following the death of her husband Teuku Umar, she
led guerrilla actions against the Dutch for 25 years. She was awarded the
title of National Hero on May 2, 1964 by the Indonesian government.
Cut Nyak Dhien was born into an Islamic aristocratic
family in Aceh Besar. Her father,
Teuku Nanta Setia, was a member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in
VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocrat family. She was educated
in religion and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, and many
men proposed to marry her. finally, she married Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the
son of aristocrat family, when she was twelve.
On 26 March 1873, Dutch declared war on Aceh, in
november 1873, During the se-cond Aceh Expedition, the dutch
successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by the sultan's place in
1874 . In 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien and her baby, along with other mothers,
were evacuated to a safer location while her husband Ibrahim Lamnga fought to
reclaim VI mukim. Lamnga died in action on June 29, 1878. Hearing this,
Cut Nyak Dhien was enraged and swore to destroy the Dutch.
Some time later, Teuku
Umar proposed to marry her. learning that
teuku umar would allow her to fight, they were married in 1880. This greatly
boosted the morale of Aceh armies in their fight against Dutch. Teuku Umar
and Cut Nyak Dhien had a daughter Cut Gambang.
The war continued, and the Acehnese declared Holy War
against the Dutch, and were engaging in guerrilla warfare. Undersupplied,
Teuku Umar surrendered to Dutch forces on September 30, 1893
along with 250 of his men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him as a commander,
giving him the title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan. However,
Teuku Umar secretly planned to betray the Dutch. Two years later Teuku Umar set
out to assault Aceh, but instead departed with his troops, talking with them
heavy equipment, weapons, and ammunition, using these supplies to help the
Acehnese. This is recorded in Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe
Oemar" (the treason of Teuku Umar).
The Dutch general Johannes
Benedictus van Heutsz sent a spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar
was killed during battle when the Dutch launched a surprise attack on him in
Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried over his death, Cut Nyak Dhien slapped her and
then she hugged her and said:"As Acehnese women, we may not shed tears for
those who have been martyred."
After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to
resist the Dutch with her small army until its destruction in 1901, as the
Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation in Aceh. Furthermore, Cut Nyak
Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. The numbers
of her troops was also keep decreasing and they suffered from lack of supplies.
One of her troops, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the
location of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch attacked, catching
Dhien and her troops by surprise. Despite desperately fighting back, Dhien was
captured, her daughter, Cut Gambang escaped and continued the
resistance. Dhien was brought to Banda
Aceh and her myopia and arthritis
slowly healed, but in the end she was exiled to Sumedang, West Java because the Dutch were afraid she would mobilize the resistance of Aceh
people. she died on 6 november 1908
Cut Nyak Dhien adalah seorang pemimpin pasukan gerilya Aceh selama perang. dia lahir di lampadang aceh pada tahun 1848. Setelah kematian suaminya Teuku Umar, ia memimpin aksi-aksi gerilya melawan Belanda selama 25 tahun. Dia dianugerahi gelar Pahlawan Nasional pada tanggal 2 Mei 1964 oleh pemerintah Indonesia.
Cut Nyak Dhien dilahirkan dalam sebuah keluarga aristokrat Islam di Aceh Besar. Ayahnya, Teuku Nanta Setia, adalah anggota dari penguasa Ulee Balang kelas bangsawan di VI mukim, dan ibunya juga dari keluarga bangsawan. Dia dididik dalam agama dan rumah tangga hal. Dia terkenal karena kecantikannya, dan banyak orang yang diusulkan untuk menikahinya. Akhirnya, ia menikah Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga Cek, putra keluarga bangsawan, ketika dia berusia dua belas tahun.
Pada tanggal 26 Maret 1873, Belanda menyatakan perang terhadap Aceh, pada bulan november 1873, Selama Ekspedisi Aceh se-cond, para Belanda berhasil menangkap VI mukim pada tahun 1873, diikuti oleh tempat sultan pada tahun 1874. Pada tahun 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien dan bayinya, bersama dengan ibu-ibu lainnya, dievakuasi ke lokasi yang lebih aman sementara suaminya Ibrahim Lamnga bertempur untuk merebut kembali VI mukim. Lamnga tewas dalam aksi pada tanggal 29 Juni 1878. Mendengar ini, Cut Nyak Dhien marah dan bersumpah untuk menghancurkan Belanda.
Beberapa waktu kemudian, Teuku Umar mengusulkan untuk menikahinya. belajar bahwa teuku umar akan memungkinkan dia untuk melawan, mereka menikah pada tahun 1880. Hal ini sangat meningkatkan moral pasukan Aceh dalam perjuangan mereka melawan Belanda. Teuku Umar dan Cut Nyak Dhien memiliki seorang putri Cut Gambang.
Perang terus, dan Aceh menyatakan Perang Suci melawan Belanda, dan terlibat dalam perang gerilya. Undersupplied, Teuku Umar menyerah kepada pasukan Belanda pada September 30, 1893 bersama dengan 250 anak buahnya. Tentara Belanda menyambut dia dan menunjuknya sebagai komandan, memberinya gelar Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan. Namun, Teuku Umar diam-diam merencanakan untuk mengkhianati Belanda. Dua tahun kemudian Teuku Umar berangkat untuk menyerang Aceh, melainkan berangkat dengan pasukannya, berbicara dengan mereka alat berat, senjata, dan amunisi, menggunakan perlengkapan ini untuk membantu masyarakat Aceh. Hal ini tercatat dalam sejarah Belanda sebagai "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (pengkhianatan dari Teuku Umar).
Belanda umum Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz mengirim mata-mata ke Aceh. Teuku Umar tewas dalam pertempuran ketika Belanda melancarkan serangan mendadak pada dirinya di Meulaboh. Ketika Cut Gambang menangisi kematiannya, Cut Nyak Dhien menamparnya dan kemudian dia memeluk dan berkata: ". Sebagai perempuan Aceh, kita mungkin tidak meneteskan air mata bagi mereka yang telah mati syahid"
Setelah suaminya meninggal, Cut Nyak Dhien terus melawan Belanda dengan pasukan yang kecil sampai kehancurannya pada tahun 1901, saat Belanda disesuaikan taktik mereka untuk situasi di Aceh. Selanjutnya, Cut Nyak Dhien menderita rabun jauh dan arthritis saat ia mendapat lebih tua. Jumlah pasukan nya juga terus menurun dan mereka menderita kekurangan pasokan.
Salah satu pasukannya, Pang Laot, mengatakan Belanda lokasi kantor pusat nya di Beutong Le Sageu. Belanda menyerang, menangkap Dhien dan pasukan nya terkejut. Meskipun putus asa berjuang kembali, Dhien ditangkap, putrinya, Cut Gambang lolos dan melanjutkan perlawanan. Dhien dibawa ke Banda Aceh dan miopia dan arthritis perlahan sembuh, namun pada akhirnya ia diasingkan ke Sumedang, Jawa Barat karena Belanda takut dia akan memobilisasi perlawanan dari masyarakat Aceh. dia meninggal pada 6 November 1908
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